December 30, 2021
Analysis and summary of lithium battery formation-aging process
The production of lithium-ion batteries is a closely linked process of process steps. On the whole, the production of lithium batteries includes pole piece manufacturing process, battery assembly process and the final liquid injection, sealing, formation, and aging process. In the three-stage process, each process can be divided into several key processes, and each step will have a great impact on the final performance of the battery. In the pole piece manufacturing process, it can be subdivided into five processes: slurry preparation, slurry coating, pole piece rolling, pole piece cutting, and pole piece drying. In the battery assembly process, according to the different battery specifications, it can be roughly divided into winding, casing, welding and other processes. The liquid injection process after the assembly is completed includes liquid injection and sealing. The last is the three-step process of battery formation, aging, and capacity separation. After the battery is manufactured, the battery needs to be pre-activated and stabilized for the first time, that is, the final formation-aging-volumetric process. 1. Formation The concept of pre-formation is to charge and discharge the manufactured lithium-ion battery with a small current. After the production of the lithium battery is completed, the battery needs to be charged and discharged with a small current. Regarding the purpose of pre-charging, there are mainly two: 1. After the battery is manufactured, the electrode material is not in the best applicable state, or the physical properties are inappropriate (for example, the particles are too large, the contact is not close, etc.), or the phase itself is incorrect (for example, some metal oxide negative electrodes of alloy mechanism) ), it needs to be activated for the first time by charging and discharging. 2. During the first charge of the lithium battery, Li+ is removed from the active material of the positive electrode, and after passing through the electrolyte-diaphragm-electrolyte, it is inserted between the layers of the negative electrode graphite material. During this process, electrons migrate from the positive electrode to the negative electrode along the peripheral circuit. At this time, due to the low potential of lithium ions inserted into the graphite anode, the electrons will first react with the electrolyte to form an SEI film and some gas. During this process, some gas will be generated and a small amount of electrolyte will be consumed. Some battery manufacturers will perform battery exhaust and refill operations after this process. Especially for LTO batteries, a large amount of gas will be generated and the battery will bulge. The thickness exceeds 10%. For the graphite negative electrode, the amount of gas produced is small, and it is not necessary to perform the operation of exhausting. This is because ...
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